In the Gospel of John, we see the main theme of this scripture is that the Law of Israel has been replaced by the Grace of Jesus Christ.
John 1 “6 Out of his fullness we have all received grace in place of grace already given. 17 For the law was given through Moses; grace and truth came through Jesus Christ. “
But the people of Israel held on to the Law and rejected Jesus Christ.
John 1 “11 He came to that which was his own, but his own did not receive him. 12 Yet to all who did receive him, to those who believed in his name, he gave the right to become children of God— 13 children born not of natural descent, nor of human decision or a husband’s will, but born of God.”
But all the Gentiles who have believed in Jesus, have become sons of God by grace!
Christ’s first miracle was the announcement of the coming New Covenant of Grace.
John 2 “6 Nearby stood six stone water jars, the kind used by the Jews for ceremonial washing, each holding from twenty to thirty gallons. 7 Jesus said to the servants, “Fill the jars with water”; so they filled them to the brim. 8 Then he told them, “Now draw some out and take it to the master of the banquet.” They did so, 9 and the master of the banquet tasted the water that had been turned into wine. He did not realize where it had come from, though the servants who had drawn the water knew. Then he called the bridegroom aside 10 and said, “Everyone brings out the choice wine first and then the cheaper wine after the guests have had too much to drink; but you have saved the best till now.” 11 What Jesus did here in Cana of Galilee was the first of the signs through which he revealed his glory; and his disciples believed in him.”
The Jews used the jars for the ceremonial washing of water under the old covenant. They did many rituals of cleansing because their sins were always exposed by the Law.
But Jesus saved the BEST for the LAST. Jesus came to bring the New Covenant of Grace, by which we are forgiven all sins by His blood shed on the cross.
Jesus changed the water into wine.
The wine was also shared by Jesus at the Last Supper when He instituted the New Covenant by His death on the cross.
The wine is a symbol of His blood of the New Covenant.
The water is a symbol of the Old Covenant sacrifices that could never take away sin.
Therefore when Jesus transformed the water into wine, He was making a declaration of replacement of the Old Covenant Law with the New Covenant GRACE.
Jesus brought Grace to us all.
Everyone who believes in Jesus has been made perfect and righteous forever!
Mathew Simon 
John 1:6: the great forerunner to the Messiah is now introduced.as was the case with OT prophets ,John was sent from God . That God sent John the baptism begins the missionary outlook of the book .
John 1:11-13: through the incarnation, Jesus came to his own nation& land , the Jewish people, but they for the most part rejected Messiah.12) as many as stipulates a universal promise extended beyond the Jewish people, which is a promise to all who received Him ( believe in His name) recieve- believe are the same meaning.35 times John uses ” believe in ” that always means genuine faith . Becoming a child of God results in a spiritual birth produced by God’s Spirit unlike human birth. Spiritual birth is not of blood,ie it’s not the result of human descent, nor is it ‘ of the will of the flesh,as if human desires can bring it about.
Nor is spiritual birth of the will of man ,negating any pride of man in producing children as was common in Jewish culture ( and in most cultures) .Contrary to anything innate , spiritual birth is an act ‘ of God .
Vs.17 as did Paul , John made a contrast between the “law” and Moses ( not Judaism) ,and Grace and Jesus Christ. Grace ( used only in v.14,16,27) ” and Truth ” may recall the OT concept of ” loving kindness and truth” and point to God’s covenant faithfulness to Israel . Moses was indirect source of law; Jesus was source of all grace , even God’s grace shown to Israel . So ultimately grace and truth were mediated ( were realized) through Jesus Christ in both OT and NT!!
I found that a profound truth that both were involved in OT and NT..brings lots of misunderstanding of God’s awesome plans !! Amen
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Now looking at Jn2:6-11 ; Six stone jars …for Jewish purification. The #6 symbolically, may well represent the imperfections or insufficiency of Judaism and the Jewish legalistic custom of purification. At Jesus direction,the servants were to fill jars with water .That the servants filled them up to the brim expresses the over abundance of joy (wine) that comes through the Messiah (1:17). In obedience to Mary advice & and Jesus instructions, the servants were to draw from the water jars ‘some’ water turned to wine and take it to the head waiter . Culturally the poorer wine was served last when Thier senses had become dull. To the head waiter’s surprise v.9 , he now tasted wine far better than the bridegroom had been serving to this point . Jesus contradicted what ‘every man’ does v10, and corrected a conventional but unethical social custom. This was the very first ‘ of’ the ” signs” or miracles Jesus did and it “expressed His glory” ( an attribute of God) . The divine glory and presence that first dwelt in the OT tabernacle (1:14) was now residing in the person of Jesus. But the greatest display of glory was yet to come in the humiliation and suffering of the cross. A ‘ sign’ a special word in John is a miracle designed to attest to the authority of a messenger and the validity of His message. The Evangelist recorded these signs to bring about faith in Christ ( 20: 30-32) the words his disciples believed in him show that at the earliest contact with Jesus,His disciples had saving faith. A Jewish wedding symbolized the messianic kingdom, and the wine symbolize the Joy and blessings of that kingdom. The water to wine miracle also revealed Jesus as the Creator (Jn 1: 3,10) and the giver of life (1:4;4:14) and that He would be the One to provide the abundant fertility that would yield much wine ( joy and celebration) in the Millennium kingdom ( see Am9:13-15.) Amen not to sure about this sign or miracle was about old and new covenant represents Wine…? Amen
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